Electrotherapy

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive pain management technique that uses a small, battery-operated device to deliver low-voltage electrical currents to specific areas of the body through electrodes placed on the skin. TENS operates through three primary mechanisms: gate control, where stimulation of non-painful sensations may close the pain gate in the spinal cord and reduce pain signal perception; endorphin release, where electrical stimulation can prompt the body's natural painkillers; and improvement in blood flow and muscle function through targeted muscle contraction. The device is portable, with adjustable settings for intensity, frequency, and pulse width; TENS sessions typically last around twenty minutes. TENS is generally considered safe when used correctly and works best as part of a comprehensive pain management programme that includes physiotherapy and rehabilitation. At CARe, TENS is delivered by AHPC-registered physiotherapists and occupational therapists at our Camden Medical Centre and Parkway Centre locations in Singapore.

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Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS):

1. .TENS units are portable devices that deliver low-voltage electrical currents through electrodes placed on the skin.

2. TENS therapy is primarily used for pain management. It can help block pain signals from reaching the brain and promote the release of endorphins (natural painkillers).

 

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES):

1. NMES devices use electrical currents to stimulate muscles, nerves, or both.

2. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is used to activate and strengthen muscles, making it valuable for muscle rehabilitation and strengthening in cases of injury or paralysis.

3. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) uses electrical stimulation to improve the function of paralyzed or weak muscles, such as in cases of stroke or spinal cord injury.

 

Interferential Current (IFC):

1. IFC is a more complex form of electrical stimulation that uses two high-frequency currents to penetrate deep into the tissues. It is often used for pain relief and muscle stimulation.

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Galvanic Stimulation:

1. Galvanic stimulation delivers direct current (DC) to the body. It is often used to reduce promote muscular activation, pain and inflammation, promote tissue healing, and manage edema.

Here are some common physical agent modalities: